NSA REPLACED BULK PHONE SURVEILLANCE, WITH TARGETED MONITORING

The US National Security Agency (NSA) on Sunday ended its mass phone surveillance programme and replaced it with a focused and targeted domestic surveillance programme.

Under the new programme, the NSA is prohibited from collecting telephone metadata in bulk under the post 9/11 Patriot Act, as it had been doing for years, Xinhua news agency reported.

Instead, the NSA will have to make a request to relevant telephone companies and be granted a court order to get access to metadata records based on specific cases.

According to a statement by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence on Friday, the federal government will report annually to Congress and to the public the total number of orders issued and the number of targets of such orders.

Phone metadata include information such as phone numbers as well as the time and length of calls. Conversation of calls are not included in the records.

The reform was a result of a new law passed in June and came more than two years after former NSA contractor Edward Snowden revealed the US government's underground spying programme, which triggered heated debates about privacy and national security.

After the terrorist attacks in Paris earlier this month, however, some Republican lawmakers were seeking further preservation of the bulk metadata collection programme till 2017.

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